Exact population: 84,402,966 (July 2006 est.)

Literacy: Total population: 90.3%; male: 93.9%; female: 86.9%

Ethnicities: Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khome 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nun 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census)

Area: Total: 329,560 sq km; land: 325,360 sq km; water: 4,200 sq km

Land boundaries: Total: 4,639 km; border countries: Cambodia 1,228 km, China 1,281 km, Laos 2,130 km

Terrain: Low, flat delta in south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous in far north and northwest

Extremes: Lowest point: South China Sea 0 m; highest point: Fan Si Pan 3,144 m

Imports: China 13.7%, Taiwan 11.3%, South Korea 10.8%, Japan 10.5%, Singapore 10.5%, Thailand 6.2%, Hong Kong 4% (2004)

Exports: US 20.2%, Japan 13.6%, China 9%, Australia 7%, Germany 5.9%, Singapore 4.8%, UK 4.6% (2004)

Industries: Food processing, garments, shoes, machine-building, mining, cement, chemical fertilizer, glass, tires, oil, coal, steel, paper

Source: CIA World Factbook