Exact population: 22,303,552 (July 2006 est.)

Literacy: Total population: 98.4%; male: 99.1%; female: 97.7%

Ethnicities: Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4% (2002 census)

Area: Total: 237,500 sq km; land: 230,340 sq km; water: 7,160 sq km

Land boundaries: Total: 2,508 km; border countries: Bulgaria 608 km, Hungary 443 km, Moldova 450 km, Serbia and Montenegro 476 km, Ukraine (north) 362 km, Ukraine (east) 169 km

Terrain: Central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Plain of Moldavia on the east by the Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps

Extremes: Lowest point: Black Sea 0 m; highest point: Moldoveanu 2,544 m

Imports: Italy 17.2%, Germany 14.9%, France 7.1%, Russia 6.8%, Turkey 4.2% (2004)

Exports: Italy 21.4%, Germany 15%, France 8.5%, Turkey 7%, UK 6.6% (2004)

Industries: Textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly, mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining

Source: CIA World Factbook